Building unit



- April 30, 1929.

M. MILLER BUILDING UNIT Filed Dec. 22, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet M. MILLER BUILDING UNIT 'April 3.0, 1929.

Filed Dec. 22, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet Patented Apr. 30, 1929'.`

unirse STATES PArENT-oFFicE'- MAX Minnen, or NEWYQRK, n. Y.A

BUILDING UNIT,

` f Application ined December 22,1926. seriai No. 156,286.

tion will become apparent from the following description when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings.

Figure l is a rragmental perspective view of a floor structure. made up of a plurality of units embodying the invention. Figure is an end view of a plurality of sections, .showing the concrete, which isiemployed to unite the adjacent sections of the units, as broken away. Figure 3 is a view partly in elevation and partly in section, showing the keying con crete as filling ends of the sections. Figure e is .a plan view of the sections arranged in an endy to end relation prior to their being united through the instrumentality of interposed concrete. Figure 5 is a detail view showing'l a fastening device for the meeting ends of a reinforcing bar. Figure 6 is a view .similar to Figure showing reinforcing bars of the typov eniployed in connection with the end sections of Figure Ll as adapted for use in connection with all of the sections.

1 matic view showing a reinforcing bar embracing end sections at opposite sides of an 1- beain. j j j ln building up a floor, forexample; a plurality of units maybe employed, which unitsareadapted to be arranged sid-e by side, and include a plurality of sections 5, arranged end to end in a. spaced relation so as to permit the use of a keying cement or concrete t3 yas a medium for uniting the sections of each unit and for locking the units together tran-sversely.

rThe sections 5 are adapted to'be pre-forn'ied or cast from concrete in suitable molds so 'designed as to provide each section along its up-f per longitudinal corners with parallel grooves such for example as a A general object of the inventioiiis to prothe space .between adjacent.

l and f Figure. 7 is adiagranr.A

The grooves 7 of one section-form-witli the yadjacent grooves 7 of the adjacent sections, a plurality of channels 8 when the sections arearranged in a side to side relation,

thechannels 8 thus formed being adapted for the reception ofsuitable. bars or other reinforcing material, as will hereinafter appear. In molding the sections 5, certain ofthese sections may be provided with U-shaped reinforcing bars 10, the major portions of which are embedded inthe concrete relatively near the lower face thereof. The curved portion of each of thesev reinforcing ybars l0 projects an appreciabledistance from one end of the section, and thefends ofy such bar are bent back upon themselves, as shown in Figure t, thus providing loops, or yoke-like portions 11, which serve rto effectively anchor. the barA l0 against vloifigitudinal movement with respect to the section carrying the same. In molding certain othervsections, a reinforcing bar l2, such as that shown in connection with the inrtermcdiatc,section of Figure 4, may be employed. VThis rreinforcing bar l2 is molded into the section carrying the same, but instead `ofhaving its ends turned back in order .to vprovide loops or yoke-like portions, suoli as are indicated by the numeral l1,k such ends mayA project from the end of the section, there-- by forming fingers 13 which are adapted to be suitably connected together, thus. forming yoke-like portions as at the opposite end of they section. Thilo the ends of these lingers .l3- may be connected in various ways, a fastening device such :is is shown in detail in Figure 5 has been .foundsatisfactory, which fastening devicecomprises a strap ll having its opposite ends bolted to the ends of the lingers 13. l

,instead of employing the type of reinforcringflnir l2 shown in Figure l, it has been .found that for such reinforcing bar, la reinforcing bar of the type indicated by the nu- `vmeral l() as shown in connection with the'end `sections of Figure ll, may be satisfactorily substituted. lin Figure 6, such a substitution is shown, with the result that use is made of a plurality of uniformly constructed reinforc ing bars l0', the reinforcing barlO of the middle section of Figure 6 differing fromthe reinforcing bars of the adjacent sections only in that its looped ends or yoke-like portions .11 project an vappreciable distance from one end of the section.

In incorporating the units into a building employing I-beams 16, for example, as a part of the frame, suitable temporary supports 17 may be provided. These temporary supports 17 are adapted to support opposite ends of the intermediate sections and one end of each end section, the other ends of the end sections being supported upon suitable supports, such, for example, as fire-proofing housing 18 carried by the I-beams 16, and enclosing the lovver lianges thereof. The temporary supports 17 are also adapted to support a plurality of spacers or blocks 19, at intervals, upon which is placed a suitable reinforcing material, such as a strip of expanded metal 20, underlying the projecting ends of the reinforcingbars and 12 and 10', shown respectively in Figures 4 and 6. A similar strip of expanded metal 20 may be placed upon the projected ends of the reinforcing bars 10 and 12 and 10', respectively. Since the corresponding sections of each unit are the same length, it follows that When a plurality of such units are placed in position side by side, as shown in Figure 1, transverse passages 21 are formed which extend parallel with respect to each other and With respect to the I-beams 16. These spaces 21 are adapted for the reception of a suitable keying material, such as concrete 22, which is poured into the passages and allowed to harden before the temporary supports 17 are removed. This concrete 22, when hardened, forms a transverse beam 21 Which vis reinforced by the expanded metal 2O and 20, which beam not only ties together the sections 5 of the units by reason of its interlocking engagement with the projecting portions of the reinforcing bars 10, 12 and 10', but also ties the units'together transversely. Before pouring in the concrete 22, suitable reinforcing` bars 23 are placed in position Within the channels 8 which are formed by the adjacent grooves 7 in the end sections 5. These reinforcing bars 23 are preferably rectangular in shape and embrace the ends sections 5 at opposite sides of the I-beams 16, as shown diagrammatically in Figure 7. The reinforcing bars 23 are of such length that they project an appreciable distance into the space 21 so that when the concrete 22 is filled into such space the end sections 5 at opposite sides of the I-beams 16 are effectively tied together. 1f desired, reinforcing bars, vsimilar to but of course shorter than those indicated by vthe numeral 23, may be placed Within the channels 8 Which are lformed by the adjacent groove 7 in the intermediate sections 5.

In order to prevent excessive amounts of concrete 22 from entering the hollow sections 5, the ends of the passages 25, formed in such sections, may be closed with inserts 26, which are preferably constructed from suitable sheet metal and are formed With' ears v27 Which engage the ends of the sections 5 and thereby insure the inserts from displacement. It Will be noted that the end sections 5 are relieved or provided With grooves which are adapted to accommodate the upper flange of the I-beams 16. These grooves are sufliciently large to provide a relatively Wide channel Which is adapted for the reception of concrete 22 of suiiicient thickness to completely cover the sides of the reinforcing bars at the ends of the adjacent sections 5.the remaining portions of the sides of the reinforcing bars 23 being covered by concrete which is poured into the channels 8 carrying the bars Y After .pouring the concrete V22 into the space 20,-channels 8 and A30,respectively, the' entire structure thus far assembled may-loe coated with a suitable cement 32 ,thereby giving the floor a smooth finish.

Having thus described certain embodiments of my invention what lI .claim is:

1. In combination, a pair of units, each comprising a plurality ofsections varranged end toend in a spaced relation, common reinforcing means embracing the end sections of adjacent units, reinforcing bars embedded in the sections of each unit and projecting into the spaces afforded between said sections, reinforcing means overlying said projecting reinforcing bars, and a hardened plastic material carried Within thespaces intermediate said sections and cooperating with said reinforcing material and said projecting reinforcing bars to lock said sections of each unit in an end to end relation.

2. In combination, .a pair of units, each comprising a plurality of sections arranged end to end in a spaced relation and provided `with grooves, common reinforcing means carried Within the grooves of the end sections of adjacent units and embracing such sections, and a hardened plastic material carried Within the spaces afforded between the sections of each unit.

3. In combination, a pair of units, each comprising a plurality of sections arranged end to end in a spaced relation and provided with grooves, common reinforcing means carried within the grooves of the end sections of adjacent units and embracing such sections, reinforcing bars embedded in the sections of each unit and projecting into the spaces afforded between said sections, and a hardened plastic material carried Within the spaces intermediate said sections and cooperating with said projecting reinforcing bars to lock the sections of each unit in Aan end to end relation,

l. In combination, pair of supports, spaced apart, a building unit supported at opposite ends lby said supports and comprising a plurality of moldedsections arranged end to end in a spaced relation, a hardened plastic material carried within the spaces intermediate said sections, and reinforcing l La bars embedded' within said sections 'and having yoke-like portions projecting into said hardened plastic material, said yoke-like portions lembracing vportions of said hardened plastic material whereby said hardened plastic material is interloclred with said yoke-'like portions and hardened plastic material, said yoke-like por-v tions embracing portions of said hardened plastic material whereby said hardened plastic material is interlocled with said yoke-like portions to connect together adjacent yokelilre portions of each unit andto connect said yoke-like portions of one unit to the yokelilre portions of adjacent units.

6, lin combination, a plurality of units arranged side by side, each unit comprising a Aplurality of sections arranged end to end in a spared relation, the spaces afforded between adjacent sections of one unit being alignedY with the spaces aiiiorded between corresponding sections of the other units, a hardened plastic material molded into said spaces, re-

inforcing bars embedded in said sections andl having yoke-like portions projecting into said bardencd plastic material, saidyoke-like poro portions of said hardened said hardened plastions embrz plastic material whereby zic material is interloclred with said yokellte portions to connect together adjacent 'i 'e-lilre portions oil each unit and to connect .d yoke-like portionsof one unit to the yokematerial within said spaces adjacent said -yolte-lilre portions, said reinforcing material being arranged transversely of said units and embedded within said hardened plastic material.

ln combination, a support, a pair of mits arranged in an end to end relation and laying their adjacent ends supported by said import, each of saidunits comprising a plu- 'ality vof sections arranged end to end in a ipaced rel.Kv ion, common reinforcing means looped about and embracing the upper martlie end sections of adjacent units and a hardened plastic material carried within the spaces afforded between the sections of each unit.

8. In combination, a pair of umts each comprising a plurality of sections arranged end said sections are an-l chored in an end to end relation, and reinsections,

like portions of. adjacent units, reinforcing ing means looped about and embracing the upper margins of the end sections of adjacent units, a hardened plastic material car- .ried withinthe spaces intermediate said sections, reinforcingl bars embedded in said sections and having yoke-like portions projecting into said hardened plastic material, said yoke-like portions embracing portions of said hardened plastic material whereby said hardened plastic material is interlocked with said yoke-like portions and said sections are anchored in an end to end relation.

9. Vln combination, a pair of units each comprising a vplurality of sections arranged end to end in a spaced relation, common reinforcing ymeans looped about and embracing the upper margins of the end sections of adjacent units, a hardened plastic material carried within the spaces intermediate said secf tions, reinforcing bars embedded in said sections and having yoke-like portions projecting vrintosaid hardened plastic material, said yoke-like portions embracing port-ions of said hardened plastic material whereby said hardened plastic material is interlocked with said yoke-like portions and said sections are anchored in an end to end relation, and reinforcing material arranged abovean'd below said yoke-like portionsand interlocked with said hardened plastic material.

l0. In combination, a support, a pair of units arranged in an end to end relation and having their adjacent ends supported by said support, each of said units comprising a plurality of sections arranged end to end in a spaced relation, reinforcing means overlying v said support and connected to the end sections of adjacent units, bedded in the sectionsfof each unit and projecting into the spaces afforded between said and a hardened plastic material carried within the spaces intermediate said sections and cooperating with said projecting reinforcing bars to lock said sections of each unit in an end to end relation.

11. In combination, a support, a pair of units arranged in an end tol end relation and having their adjacent ends supported by said support, each of said units comprising a plurality of sections arranged end to end in a spaced relation, the -end sections of each of said units being providedwith grooves in their upper margins, reinforcing-means overlying said support and projecting into said grooves, and a hardened plastic material carried within said grooves and within the spaces afforded between the sections of each unit.

12. In combination, a support, a pair of units arranged in an end to end relation and having their adjacent ends supported by said support, each of said units comprising a plurality of sections arranged end to end in a spaced relation, the end sections of each of said units being provided with grooves in reinforcing barsl em- Y their upper margins, reinforcing` ineens overlsaid reinforcing means to retain Such Ineens lying said support and projecting,l into said lWiti'iin said grooves and cooperating with grooves7 reinforcing bars embedded in the said projecting reinforcing bars to lock the 10 section of euch unit and projecting into the sections of each unit in an end to en'd relation. spacesniiorded between Said sections, and a In testimony whereof, have ziiiixed my hardened plastic material carried Within said signature to this specification.

grooves, and said spaces and cooperating with MAX MILLER. 

